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Home · For Teachers · History Debates the October Crisis

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Project Overview
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11-12
History Debates the October Crisis
Project type: Web Quest
Subjects
History
Summary
Using a variety of Web-based resources, students research, prepare, and present a report comparing different interpretations of the causes, events, and results of the October Crisis of 1970.
Duration
3 lessons
Purpose
To learn about and evaluate historical interpretations of an event
Lesson Plan
Before Exploring
This activity is designed for senior-level History students who already have some background knowledge of Canadian history and an understanding of historiography and issues involving divergent historical interpretations of an important event. The task will focus on the CBC Radio and Television Archives Web site along with other relevant sources of information.
Outline the Opportunity
Students are to research, prepare, and present a report dealing with the different interpretations of the causes, events, and results of the October Crisis of 1970, and its impact on Canadian history, as proposed by Canadian historians and political writers.

Students will summarize the views of a representative sampling of historians and writers from English Canada and Quebec, and indicate how and why their interpretations differ. As a conclusion to the report, students will state which of the various interpretations they think provides the most satisfactory explanation of the crisis itself, and its continuing impact on Canadian history, particularly French-English relations, to the present day.

Revisit and Reflect
Have students present their reports orally in class in a seminar format, and/or have them write them in a historiographical essay or report. As a debriefing activity in class, discuss how and why historians studying the same event can arrive at radically different interpretations of it. Ask students to offer some explanations of why this might be the case, and why historians from different backgrounds, political ideologies, and so on, might approach the study of the same event from very different perspectives.
Print
Bourgeault, Pierre. Now or Never: Manifesto for an Independent Quebec” .Toronto: Key Porter, 1991.
Coleman, William D. The Independence Movement in Quebec, 1945-1980. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1984.
Daniels, Dan, ed. Quebec, Canada, and the October Crisis .Montreal: Black Rose Books, 1973.
Dodge, William, ed. Boundaries of Identity: A Quebec Reader. Toronto: Lester, 1992.
Ferguson, Will. “The October Crisis: The Revolution Turns Noisy”, in Bastards and Boneheads: Canada’s Glorious Leaders Past and Present. Vancouver and Toronto: Douglas and McIntyre, 1999.
Fournier, Louis. FLQ: The Anatomy of an Underground Movement. Toronto: NC Press, 1984.
Haggart, Ron, and Aubrey E. Golden. Rumours of War. Toronto: James Lorimer, 1979.
Mathews, Georges. Quiet Resolution: Quebec’s Challenge to Canada. Toronto: Summerhill, 1990.
Pelletier, Gerard. The October Crisis. Toronto: McLelland and Stewart, 1971.
Radwanski, George, and Kendal Windeyer. No Mandate but Terror: The Story of Canada’s Kidnapping Crisis. Richmond Hill: Simon and Shuster, 1971.
Richler, Mordecai. Oh Canada! Oh Quebec! Requiem for a Divided Country. Toronto: Viking, 1992.
Rotstein, Abraham, ed. Power Corrupted: The October Crisis and the Repression of Quebec. Toronto: New Press, 1971.
Saywell, John. Quebec 70: A Documentary Narrative .Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1971.
Sheffe, Norman, ed. Canadians/Canadiens” (Toronto: Ryerson, 1971.
Smith, Denis. Bleeding Hearts, Bleeding Country: Canada and the Quebec Crisis. Edmonton: Hurtig, 1971.
Stewart, James. The FLQ: Seven Years of Terrorism. Montreal: Montreal Star and Simon and Schuster, 1970.
Vallieres, Pierre. The Assassination of Pierre Laporte: Behind the October 1970 Scenario. Toronto: James Lorimer, 1977.

Multimedia
Action: The October Crisis of 1970. (NFB: Robin Spry, dir., 1990).
Genesis. (CBC and Democracy Films: Patrick Watson, dir;, 1989).
La liberte en colere . (NFB: Jean-Daniel Lafond, dir., 1994).
Octobre. (Pierre Falardeau, dir., 1994).
On Guard for Thee . (NFB: Donald Brittain, dir., 1981).